SHORT OVERVIEW
This document aims to communicate best practice on risk reduction measures for terminals that are designed using prescriptive or risk-based approaches. While this document does not advocate for any one approach, risk-based language is used to help communicate best practice effectively. Products such as LNG, LPG, ammonia and CO2 are covered by this document in response to the growing demand in the liquefied gas industry.

DETAILED OVERVIEW
The recommendations in this document are written for organisations involved in the site selection, design and operation of liquefied gas terminals located onshore. Nearshore floating terminals that are within a port facility may also find this document useful. The document focuses on the marine aspects and equipment of a terminal that are directly related to gas carrier operations, such as cargo transfer, piping, controls and emergency response. In support of the IMO's Greenhouse Strategy, this document includes discussion on reducing greenhouse gas emissions from ships approaching, moored alongside and leaving the berth.

This document updates and replaces the following SIGTTO publications:

Site Selection and Design for LNG Ports and Jetties (Information Paper No.14) (1997)
LNG Operations in Port Areas ? Essential Best Practices for the Industry (2003)
Simulation Information Paper (2010)
Ship/Shore Interface for LPG/Chemical Gas Carriers and Terminals (2018).
INTRODUCTION
This document provides guidance on design and operation of the marine aspects of liquefied gas terminals. As this substantial topic is covered by many publications, this document only provides guidance on specific items. Recognising that most facilities are unique, not all the information provided is applicable for every case.

As this document focuses on the marine aspects of shore-based terminals, it does not directly provide guidance for gas carriers. Nearshore floating terminals that are within a port facility may find general information in this document useful, but this document does not directly address the specific design aspects of floating terminals. This topic is covered in Floating LNG Installations (2021).

This document updates and replaces the following SIGTTO publications:

Site Selection and Design for LNG Ports and Jetties (Information Paper No.14) (1997)
LNG Operations in Port Areas ? Essential Best Practices for the Industry (2003)
Simulation Information Paper (2010)
Ship/Shore Interface for LPG/Chemical Gas Carriers and Terminals (2018).
This document first introduces the safety terminology and philosophy used within, as there are different approaches in the industry and this can help to reduce misunderstanding. The rest of the document then steps through topics such as site selection, design and operations, drawing specific attention where appropriate to requirements for liquefied gas.

CONTENTS LISTING
Introduction and Scope
Safety Philosophy
Site Selection and Assessment
Design of the Terminal and Approaches
Flammable and Toxic Release Modelling
Design Considerations for Emergency Response
Ship-related Operations
Operational Safety, Inspection and Maintenance
Greenhouse Gas Environmental Protection
Training and Drills
Annexes
ABOUT THE AUTHOR
The Society of International Gas Tanker and Terminal Operators (SIGTTO) is an international body established for the exchange of technical information and experience, between members of the industry, to enhance the safety and operational reliability of gas tankers and terminals. Learn more: https://www.sigtto.org/about-us/